Indications
Nebivolol is indicated in the treatment of essential hypertension and adjunct in stable mild to moderate heart failure in patients over 70 years.
Therapeutic Class
Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, Beta-blockers
Pharmacology
Nebivolol is a β-adrenergic receptor blocking agent. Nebivolol is a racemate of two enantiomers, d-Nebivolol and l-Nebivolol. Nebivolol exhibits high selectivity for β1-adrenergic receptors and has vasodilating activity due to a direct action on the endothelium, involving nitric oxide release. It lacks intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising activity.
Dosage & Administration
Adults: 5 mg daily, maximum recommended dose 40 mg once daily.
Renal Impairment: In patients with severe renal impairment the recommended initial dose is 2.5 mg once daily; titrate up slowly if needed.
Hepatic Impairment: In patients with moderate hepatic impairment, the recommended initial dose is 2.5 mg once daily; titrate up slowly if needed.
Geriatric Patients: It is not necessary to adjust the dose in the elderly.
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of Nebivolol in pediatric patients have not been established.
Interaction
Use caution when Nebivolol is co-administered with CYP2D6 inhibitors (quinidine, propafenone, fluoxetine, paroxetine, etc.), Do not use Nebivolol with other β-blockers, both digitalis glycosides and β-blockers slow atrioventricular conduction and decrease heart rate. Concomitant use can increase the risk of bradycardia, Nebivolol can exacerbate the effects of myocardial depressants or inhibitors of AV conduction, such as certain calcium antagonists (verapamil and diltiazem), or antiarrhythmic agents, such as disopyramide.
Contraindications
Nebivolol is contraindicated in the following conditions: severe bradycardia, heart block greater than first degree, patients with cardiogenic shock, decompensated cardiac failure, sick sinus syndrome, patients with severe hepatic impairment, patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.
Side Effects
The most common side effects are headache, nausea and bradycardia.
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