Brand Name: Alatrol
Manufacturer : Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
COMPOSITION
Alatrol® Tablet : Each film coated tablet contains Cetirizine
Dihydrochloride BP 10 mg.
Alatrol® Syrup : Each 5 ml syrup contains Cetirizine Dihydrochloride
BP 5 mg.
PHARMACOLOGY
Cetirizine dihydrochloride is rapidly absorbed reaching peak plasma
concentrations of 257 µgm/L within 1 hour of administration of 10 mg dose.
Food does not affect the extent of absorption, but it may slightly reduce the
rate. Plasma protein binding is 93 %, at concentrations ranging from 25 to
1000 µgm per litre. The terminal elimination half-life ranges from 6.7 h to
10.9 h. The half-life of cetirizine is slightly shorter in children than in adults,
with values of 6.9-7.1 h reported. The half-life is increased markedly in renal
dysfunction, with values of 19 and 21 h in patient with mild and moderate
renal impairment respectively (creatinine clearance 1.9-3.6 and 0.42-1.8 litre
per h). The half-life may be slightly prolonged in hepatic dysfunction.
Cetirizine is eliminated mainly by renal excretion of the unchanged drug,
although there is a small amount of metabolism in the liver.
INDICATION
Alatrol® is indicated for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and
conjunctivitis, perennial allergic rhinitis, pruritus and urticaria. It is also used
in allergen induced asthma.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Alatrol® is administered with or without food. The time of administration
varies to suit individual patient needs.
Adults and children over 6 years and older : Alatrol® tablet: 1 tablet daily .
Alatrol® syrup: 2 teaspoonful once daily
SIDE EFFECT
Cetirizine seems to cause an incidence of sedation similar to that observed
with placebo and with other ‘non-sedating’ antihistamines such as
astemizole and terfenadine and causes a lower incidence of sedation than
that observed with ketotifen, clemastine, pheniramine, chlorpheniramine or
mequitazine. Alatrol® does not produce anticholinergic effects.
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