Indications
Therapeutic Class
Pharmacology
This contains essential electrolytes & carbohydrate (in the form of processed rice) which are vital for a dehydrating patient in conditions such as cholera, acute diarrhoea, vomiting & excessive sweating.
In the normal healthy intestine, there is a continuous exchange of water through the intestinal wall – up to 20 liters of water is secreted and very nearly as much is reabsorbed every 24 hours – this mechanism allows the absorption of soluble metabolites from digested food into the bloodstream.
In a state of diarrheal disease the balance is upset and much more water is secreted than is reabsorbed causing a net loss to the body which can be as high as several liters a day. In addition to water, Chloride ion (CI-), extracellular sodium ion (Na+) & intracellular potassium ion (K+) are also lost. This is effectively replenishes the lost electrolytes in the body.
Dosage
Dose depends on the severity of the dehydrating conditions of the patients. Age Recommended Dose after each watery stool:
- 6 months to 2 years: 50 ml to 100 ml (10 to 20 Teaspoonfuls)
- 2 years to 9 years: 100 ml to 200 ml (20 to 40 teaspoonfuls)
- 10 years and above: 250 ml to 500 ml (1 to 2 glassfuls)
Administration
Discard any unused reconstituted saline after 5 hours of preparation After preparing the saline further heating or boiling is not necessary Feeding-bottle should not be used
Mix the solution with a clean spoon each time before administration
Syringe without needle may be used to put small amount of saline into babies mouth
Contraindications
- Kidney failure resulting in diminished production of urine (oliguria) Kidney failure, preventing production of urine (anuria)
- Obstruction of the stomach or intestines Reduced blood flow to vital internal organs (shock)
- Severe and continuous vomiting (intractable vomiting)
- Severe dehydration Severe diarrhoea in infants
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