Indications
Moxifloxacin is indicated for the treatment of adults (>18 years of age) with infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below-
- Acute Bacterial Sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus infuenzae or Moraxella catarrhalis.
- Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus infuenzae, Haemophilus parainfuenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus or Moraxella catarrhalis
- Community Acquired Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains), Haemophilus infuenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydophilia pneumoniae.
- Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogen.
- Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae or Enterobacter cloacae.
- Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections including polymicrobial infections such as abscess caused by Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron or Peptostreptococcus species.
Therapeutic Class
4-Quinolone preparations
Pharmacology
Moxifloxacin is a synthetic broad spectrum, flouroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent. Moxifloxacin has in vitro activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The bactericidal action of Moxifloxacin results from inhibition of the topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination.
Dosage & Administration
The dose of Moxifloxacin is 400 mg once every 24 hours. The duration of therapy depends on the type of infection as described bellow-
- In Acute Bacterial Sinusitis: Moxifloxacin 400 mg is given once daily for 10 days.
- In Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis: Moxifloxacin 400 mg is given once daily for 5 days.
- In Community Acquired Pneumonia: Moxifloxacin 400 mg is given once daily for 7-14 days.
- In Uncomplicated Skin & Skin Structure infections: Moxifloxacin 400 mg is given once daily for 7 days.
- In Complicated Skin & Skin Structure infections: Moxifloxacin 400 mg is given once daily for 7-21 days.
- In Complicated Intra-Abdominal infections: Moxifloxacin 400 mg is given once daily for 5-14 days.
Moxifloxacin 400 mg IV infusion can be administered intravenously for the entire treatment duration. Alternatively, therapy may be initial intravenous administration, followed by oral administration when clinically indicated. The recommended duration of treatment for the indication being treated should not be exceeded. The solution for infusion should be infused intravenously over 60 minutes.
Interaction
No quinolone should be co-administered with any solution containing multivalent cations (e.g. magnesium) through the same intravenous line. Antacids, iron and adsorbents reduce absorption of Moxifloxacin. NSAID may increase the risk of CNS stimulation. Warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding.
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