Description:
Montelukast is a selective and orally active competitive cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptor to occupy the receptor. The cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptor is found in the human airway with which cysteinyl leukotrienes bind to cause edema and smooth muscle contraction. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma and allergic rhinitis.
Pharmacology
Contraindications
Side Effects
Adolescents and Adults 15 years of age and older: In placebo-controlled clinical trials, Montelukast has been evaluated for safety in approximately 2600 adolescent and adult patients of 15 years and older, the following adverse experiences reported with Montelukast occurred in greater than or equal to 1% of patients.
- General: Asthenia/fatigue, Fever, Pain
- Gastrointestinal: Dyspepsia, Gastroenteritis; Nervous System/Psychiatric: Dizziness, Headache
- Respiratory System: Congestion, Cough, Influenza
- Skin: Rash; Laboratory adverse experiences: ALT increase, AST increase, Pyuria.
Paediatric patients 6 to 14 years of age: In paediatric patients receiving montelukast, the following events occurred with a frequency 2% are diarrhoea, laryngitis, pharyngitis, nausea, otitis, sinusitis, and viral infection. With prolonged treatment, the adverse profile did not change significantly.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Montelukast crosses the placenta following oral dosing in rats and rabbits. There are, however, no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, Montelukast should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Lactation: It is not known if Montelukast is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Montelukast is given to a nursing mother.
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