Cefpodoxime is indicated for the treatment of patients infected with susceptible strains of micro-organisms which include a wide range of gram-positive & gram-negative bacteria. As it is highly stable in presence of b-lactamase enzyme, so it is more effective against gram-positive bacteria than other 3rd generation oral Cephalosporins.
The susceptible organisms include gram-positive bacteria eg. S. aureus (including penicillinase producing strains), S. saprophyticus, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, P. magnus and gram-negative bacteria eg. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, H. influenzae (including b-lactamase producer & Ampicillin resistant strains), M. catarrhalis, N. gonorrhoeae (including penicillinase producing strains), P. mirabillis, C. diversus, H. parainfluenzae, K. oxytoca, P. vulgaris, P. rettgeri.
Ximeprox is indicated in the following diseases:-
(1) Lower respiratory tract infection: Acute community-acquired pneumonia, Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis; (2) Upper respiratory tract infection: Acute otitis media, Acute maxillary sinusitis, Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis; (3) Sexually transmitted diseases: Acute uncomplicated urethral & cervical gonorrhea, Acute ano-rectal infection in woman caused by N. gonorrhoeae; (4) Uncomplicated urinary tract infection: Cystitis, Pyuria; (5) Skin & soft tissue infections: Furuncle, Cellulitis, Subcutaneous abscess, infectious atheroma & periproctal abscess (6) Enteric fever.
Ximeprox should be administered orally with food to enhance absorption. Ximeprox suspension may be given without regard to food.
Child :
15 days – 6 months : 4 mg/kg every 12 hours
6 months – 2 years : 40 mg every 12 hours
3 – 8 years : 80 mg every 12 hours
over 9 years : 100 mg every 12 hours
Patients with renal dysfunction: For patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 ml/min) the dosing intervals should be increased to 24 hourly.
Patients with liver cirrhosis: Cefpodoxime proxetil pharmacokinetics in cirrhotic patients are similar to those in healthy subjects. Dose adjustment is not necessary in this population.
Cefpodoxime has very few side effects. The side effects include diarrhea, nausea, skin & vaginal fungal infection, abdominal pain, headache, chest pain, myalgia, dyspepsia, dizziness, vertigo, cough etc. In children incidence of fungal skin rash is more than adults.
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