Indications
Gemifloxacin is indicated for the treatment of the following bacterial infections in adults caused by sensitive organisms as follows-
Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis:Â caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, or Moraxella catarrhalis.
Community-acquired pneumonia (of mild to moderate severity):Â caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains), Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Pharmacology
Gemifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It is bactericidal with minimum bactericidal concentrations. Gemifloxacin acts by inhibiting DNA synthesis through inhibition of the bacterial type II topoisomerases, DNA gyrase, and/or topoisomerase IV (TOPO IV) which are both essential for bacterial growth.
Gemifloxacin is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. It is widely distributed throughout the body. Studies in healthy subjects showed that gemifloxacin is distributed rapidly into target tissues and body fluids such as the lung (epithelial lining fluid, alveolar macrophages, bronchial tissue) and nasal secretions.
Following oral administration of gemifloxacin, approximately 36% and 61% of the dose is excreted in the urine and feces, respectively, as unchanged drug and metabolites. AUC values were generally only slightly higher (approx. 10%) in women than in men. No dose adjustment is required based on gender
Dosage & Administration
Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis:Â 320 mg once daily for 5 days.
Community-acquired pneumonia (Mild to moderate severity):
- Due to known or suspected S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. pneumoniae, or C. pneumoniae infection: One 320 mg tablet daily for 5 days
- Due to known or suspected MDRSP, K.pneumoniae, or M. catarrhalis infection:Â One 320 mg tablet daily for 7 days
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