INDICATION
Single infections, Mixed infections, Severe infections in general, Respiratory tract infections, Ear,
nose and throat infections, Skin and soft tissue infections, Gastrointestinal, biliary and abdominal
infections, Bone and joint infections, Dialysis: Infections associated with hemo and peritoneal
dialysis and with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Ceftazidime is to be used by the parenteral route, the dosage depending upon the severity,
sensitivity & type of infections and the age, weight & renal function of the patient. Adults:The adult
dosage range for ceftazidime is 1 to 6 gm per day 8 or 12 hourly (IM/IV) in the majority of
infections, 1 gm 8 hourly or 2 gm 12 hourly should be given. In urinary tract infections and many
less serious infections, 500 mg or 1 gm 12 hourly is usually adequate. In severe infections, especially
immunocompromised patients, including those with neutropenia, 2 gm 8 or 12 hourly should be
administered. When used as a prophylactic agent in prostatic surgery 1gm should be given at the
induction of anesthesia. A second dose should be considered at the time of catheter removal.
Elderly: In view of the reduced clearance of Ceftazidime in acutely ill elderly patients, the daily
dosage should not normally exceed 3 gm, especially in those over 80 years of age. Cystic fibrosis: In
fibrocystic adults with normal renal function who have pseudomonal lung infections, high doses of
100 to 150 mg/kg/day as three divided doses should be used. Infants and Children: The usual
dosage range for children aged over two months is 30 to 100 mg/kg/day, given as two or three
divided doses. Doses up to 150 mg/kg/day (maximum 6 gm daily) in three divided doses may be
given to infected immunocompromised or fibrocystic children or children with meningitis.
Neonates and Children up to 2 months of age: The usual dosage range is 25 to 60 mg/kg/day as
two divided doses.Dosage in impaired renal function:
Ceftazidime is excreted by the kidneys almost exclusively by glomerular filtration. Therefore, in
patients with impaired renal function it is recommenended that the dosage of Ceftazidime should
be reduced to compensate for its slower excretion, except in mild impairment, i.e., glomerular
filtration (GFR) greater than 50 ml/ min.
CONTRAINDICATION
Ceftazidime is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Cephalosporin
antibiotics.
WARNING
As with other beta-lactam antibiotics, before therapy with Ceftazidime is instituted, careful inquiry
should be made for a history of hypersensitivity reactions to Ceftazidime, penicillins, or other drugs.
PREGNANCY & LACTATION
There is no experimental evidence of embryogenic or teratogenic effects attributable to
Ceftazidime, but as with all drugs it should be administered with caution during the early month of
pregnancy and early infancy.
SIDE EFFECT
Clinical trial experience has shown that ceftazidime is generally well tolerated. Adverse reactions
are infrequent and include: Local: phlebitis or thrombophlebitis with i.v. administration; pain and/or
inflammation after i.m. injection.
Hypersensitivity: Urticarial rash, fever, pruritus, and very rarely angioedema and anaphylaxis
(bronchospasm and/or hypotension). Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain,
and very rarely oral thrush or colitis. Other adverse events which may be related to ceftazidime
therapy or of uncertain etiology include: Genito-urinary: candidiasis, vaginitis. Central nervous
system: headache, dizziness, paraesthesia and bad taste.
PRECAUTION
There is no experimental evidence of embryopathic or teratogenic effects. Clinical experience with
Ceftazidime has shown that this is not likely to be a problem at the recommended dose levels.
There is no evidence that Ceftazidime adeversely affects renal function at normal therapeutic
doses.
DRUG INTERACTION
Increased nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of
Cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics.
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